Medicine Overview of Xonimide 50mg Capsule
Xonimide is an anti-epileptic medicine used to treat seizures in epilepsy. It can be used by itself to treat adults or along with other medicines to treat adults and children. It helps to prevent seizures affecting a part or whole of the brain.
Xonimide suppresses the abnormal electrical activity in the brain. You can take it with or without food but try to take it at the same time each day to get the most benefit. The dose will depend on your condition and how you respond to the medicine. Your doctor will advise the right dose for you.
You should continue taking it for as long as your doctor has told you to, even if you feel well. If you stop or miss doses your seizures could get worse. It may take several months to come off it safely. It is advised not to change the brand of medication without doctor consultation, and always keep a stock of medicine with you.
Very few people taking it have any serious problems but the most common side effects of this medicine include dizziness, loss of appetite, memory loss, drowsiness, and impaired concentration. You may also experience altered walking, impaired coordination, and unusual anger. Side effects are more common during the first few weeks and usually lessen as your body gets used to the medicine. Most do not need medical attention, but some of them can be serious. Let your doctor know if you have any symptoms as there may be ways of preventing or reducing them.
A small number of people being treated with this medicine have had thoughts of harming or killing themselves. Contact your doctor if your mood changes for the worse. Please do not take this medicine if you are allergic to sulfa medicines.
Before taking it, you should tell your doctor if you have kidney problems, depression or suicidal thoughts and if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. You should not breastfeed while taking this medicine. Alcohol may increase the risk of seizures and worsen the side effects such as drowsiness and dizziness. Avoid alcohol while taking this medicine. Drowsiness and dizziness may affect your ability to drive or operate machinery. Your kidney function may need to be tested often while taking this medicine.
- Epilepsy/Seizures
- Dizziness
- Loss of appetite
- Memory impairment
- Drowsiness
- Impaired concentration
- Altered walking
- Impaired coordination
- Anger
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Take your medication regularly as directed by your doctor as missing doses can trigger seizures.
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Do not change the brand of your medicine and make sure that you have sufficient amount of medicine present with you.
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Some healthy tips to prevent seizures:
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Do not drive or do anything that requires mental focus until you know how this medicine affects you.
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Drink plenty of water while taking Xonimide to reduce the risk of kidney stones and heat stroke. Inform your doctor if you have sudden pain in your stomach, pain on urinating, or if you find blood in your urine.
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It may cause loss of appetite and weight. Monitor your weight regularly.
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Inform your doctor if you develop any unusual changes in mood or behavior, new or worsening depression, or suicidal thoughts or behavior.
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Do not stop taking the medication suddenly without talking to your doctor as it may increase the seizure frequency.
Oral
Adjunct in partial seizures
Adult: Initially, 50 mg daily in 2 divided doses, increase to 100 mg daily after 1 wk. Thereafter, may further increase dose at wkly intervals in increments of up to 100 mg. Usual maintenance dose: 300-500 mg daily, some patients may respond to lower doses.
Monotherapy for partial seizures with or without secondary generalisation
Adult: In patients w/ newly diagnosed epilepsy: Initially, 100 mg once daily, increase to 200 mg once daily after 2 wk. May further increase by increments of 100 mg at intervals of at least 2 wk. Usual maintenance dose: 300 mg once daily, up to 500 mg daily.
Hepatic impairment: Mild to moderate: Slower dosage titration may be needed. Severe: Not recommended.
Oral
Adjunct in partial seizures
Child: >6 yr Initially, 1 mg/kg once daily for 1 wk, may increase by increments of 1 mg/kg at wkly interval. Usual maintenance dose: 20-55 kg: 6-8 mg/kg once daily; >55 kg: 300-500 mg once daily, some may respond to lower dose.
Renal impairment: GFR ?50 mL/min: Slower dosage titration may be needed. GFR <50 mL/min: Not recommended.
Patient at risk of nephrolithiasis. Avoid abrupt withdrawal. Renal or hepatic impairment. Childn. Pregnancy and lactation. Patient Counselling Increase fluid intake (i.e. 6-8 glasses of water/day) to reduce risk of renal stone. This drug may cause drowsiness or difficulty w/ concentration, if affected, do not drive or operate machinery. Increase in suicidal ideation may occur with use.
Monitoring Parameters Monitor metabolic profile specifically BUN, serum creatinine; serum bicarbonate, body temp, suicidality, decreased sweating.
Lactation: Unknown; avoid during breastfeeding
>10%
Somnolence (17%)
Anorexia (13%)
Dizziness (13%)
1-10%
Headache (10%)
Nausea (9%)
Agitation (9%)
Abdominal pain (6%)
Ataxia (6%)
Confusion (6%)
Depression (6%)
Diplopia (6%)
Insomnia (6%)
Diarrhea (5%)
Speech disorder (5%)
Flu-like symptoms (4%)
Kidney stones (4%)
Nystagmus (4%)
Paresthesia (4%)
Dysgeusia (3%)
Weight loss (3%)
Anxiety (3%)
Rash (3%)
Constipation (2%)
Rhinitis (2%)
Xerostomia (2%)
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