Medicine Overview of Avloquin 250mg Tablet
Malaria
Prevention: 500 mg (300 mg base) PO once/week
Non-chloroquine-resistant
1 g (600 mg base) PO, THEN
500 mg (300 mg base) PO 6-8 hours later, THEN
500 mg (300 mg base) PO at 24 hours & 48 hours after initial dose
Amebiasis, Extraintestinal
1 g (600 mg base) PO qDay for 2 days, THEN
500 mg (300 mg base) qDay for 14-21 days
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Malaria
Prophylaxis: 5 mg/kg PO q1Week
Treatment
1st dose: 10 mg/kg PO x1 dose
6 hours after 1st dose: 5 mg/kg PO qDay x2 days
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Psoriasis, diseases of the haematopoietic or CNS systems, myasthenia gravis, hepatic or renal impairment, G6PD deficiency, epilepsy, childn. Pregnancy and lactation. Slow infusion is used upon IV admin to prevent cardiotoxicity.
Lactation: enters breast milk/not recommended
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Retinopathy, hair loss, photosensitivity, tinnitus, myopathy (long-term therapy). Diarrhea, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Stomach cramps, Vomiting, Psychosis, seizures, leucopenia and rarely aplastic anaemia, hepatitis, GI upsets, dizziness, hypokalaemia, headache, pruritus, urticaria, difficulty in visual accommodation.
Potentially Fatal: Cardiac and respiratory arrest, CV collapse, convulsions, coma.
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Pregnancy
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies evaluating the safety and efficacy of chloroquine in pregnant women; usage during pregnancy should be avoided except in prophylaxis or treatment of malaria when benefit outweighs potential risk to fetus
Lactation
Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from chloroquine, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue drug, taking into account potential clinical benefit of drug to mother
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Concomitant therapy with phenylbutazone predisposes to dermatitis, antagonises effect of neostigmine and pyridostigmine, reduces bioavailability of ampicillin. Cimetidine inhibits metabolism of chloroquine raising plasma levels.
Potentially Fatal: Increased risks of inducing ventricular arrhythmias with halofantrine or other arrhythmogenic drugs eg, amiodarone. Increased risk of convulsions with mefloquine. Antacids reduce absorption of chloroquine hence admin should be separated by 4 hrs. Rarely Stevens-Johnson syndrome, when administered with pyrimethamine/sulphadoxine. Increased toxicity with quinacrine
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